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输赢不是争吵出来的 yu cant an argunt(第1页)

戴尔卡耐基

DaleCarnegie

YearsagoPatrickJ。OHaireJoinedoneofmyclasses。Hehadlittleeducation,andhowhelovedascra!Hehadoncebeenachauffeur,andhecametomebecausehehadbeentrying,withoutmuchsuccess,toselltrucks。Alittlequestioningbroughtoutthefactthathewascontinuallyscraingwithandantagonizingstheveryeolehewastryingtodobusinesswith,ifarosectsaidanythingderogatoryaboutthetruckshewasselling,Patsawredandwasrightatthecustomersthroat。Patwonalotofargumentsinthosedays。Ashesaidtomeafterward,“Ioftenwalkedoutofanofficesaying:Itoldthatbirdsomething。SureIhadtoldhimsomething,butIhadntsoldhimanything。”

MyfirstroblemwasnottoteachPatrickJ。OHairetotalk。Myimmediatetaskwastotrainhimtorefrainfromtalkingandtoavoidverbalfights。

Mr。OHairebecameoneofthestarsalesmenfortheWhiteMotorComanyinNewYork。

Howdidhedoit?Hereishisstoryinhisownwords:“IfIwalkintoabuyersofficenowandhesays:What?AWhitetruck?Theyrenogood!Iwouldnttakeoneifyougaveittome。ImgoingtobuytheWhose-Ittruck。Isay,TheWhose-Itisagoodtruck。IfyoubuytheWhose-It,youllnevermakeamistake。TheWhose-Itsaremadebyafinecomanyandsoldbygoodeole。”

“Heisseechlessthen。Thereisnoroomforanargument。IfhesaystheWhose-ItisbestandIsaysureitis,hehastosto。Hecantkeeonallafternoonsaying,ItsthebestwhenImagreeingwithhim。WethengetoffthesubjectofWhose-ItandIbegintotalkaboutthegoodointsoftheWhitetruck。”

“Therewasatimewhenaremarklikehisfirstonewouldhavemademeseescarletandredandorange。IwouldstartarguingagainsttheWhose-It;andthemoreIarguedagainstit,themoremyrosectarguedinfavorofit;andthemoreheargued,themorehesoldhimselfonmycometitorsroduct。”

“AsIlookbacknowIwonderhowIwaseverabletosellanything。Ilostyearsofmylifeinscraingandarguing。Ikeemymouthshutnow。Itays。”

AswiseoldBenFranklinusedtosay:“Ifyouargueandrankleandcontradict,youmayachieveavictorysometimes;butitwillbeanemtyvictorybecauseyouwillnevergetyouroonentsgoodwill。”

Sofigureitoutforyourself。Whichwouldyouratherhave,anacademic,theatricalvictoryoraersonsgoodwill?Youcanseldomhaveboth。

FrederickS。Parsons,anincometaxconsultant,hadbeendisutingandwranglingforanhourwithagovermenttaxinsector。Anitemofninethousanddollarswasatstake。Mr。Parsonsclaimedthatthisninethousanddollarswasinrealityabaddebt,thatitwouldneverbecollected,thatitoughtnottobetaxed。“Baddebt。myeye!”retortedtheinsector。“Itmustbetaxed。”

“Thisinsectorwascold,arrogantandstubborn,”Mr。Parsonssaidashetoldthestorytotheclass。Reasonwaswastedandsowerefacts…Thelongerweargued,themorestubbornhebecame。SoIdecidedtoavoidargument,changethesubject,andgivehimareciation。

“Isaid,Isuosethisisaveryettymatterincomarisonwiththereallyimortantanddifficultdecisionsyourerequiredtomake。Ivemadeastudyoftaxationmyself。ButIvehadtogetmyknowledgefrombooks。Youaregettingyoursfromthefiringlineofexerience。IsometimewishIhadajoblikeyours。Itwouldteachmealot。ImeanteverywordIsaid。”

“Well。”Theinsectorstraighteneduinhischair,leanedback,andtalkedforalongtimeabouthiswork,tellingmeofthecleverfraudshehaduncovered。Histonegraduallybecamefriendly,andresentlyhewastellingmeabouthischildren。Asheleft,headvisedmethathewouldconsidermyroblemfurtherandgivemehisdecisioninafewdays。

“Hecalledatmyofficethreedayslaterandinformedmethathehaddecidedtoleavethetaxreturnexactlyasitwasfiled。”

Thistaxinsectorwasdemonstratingoneofthemostcommonofhumanfrailties。Hewantedafeelingofimortance;andaslongasMr。Parsonsarguedwithhim,hegothisfeelingofimortancebyloudlyassertinghisauthority。Butassoonashisimortancewasadmittedandtheargumentstoedandhewasermittedtoexandhisego,hebecameasymatheticandkindlyhumanbeing。

多年前,帕特里克·欧·海瑞参加了我的成人教育班。帕特文化水平不高,却很喜欢和人争论。他曾做过司机,之所以来向我求助,是因为他推销卡车没能成功。这是由一个小问题引发的——他总是不断地与客户争论而触怒他们。一旦对方对他销售的汽车稍有不满,帕特便会喋喋不休,没完没了。那段时期,帕特赢了不少场争论。正如他后来对我所说的那样:“我常常走出办公室便自言自语道:‘我好好地教训了他。’我确实教训了他,可我没有卖出想卖的车。”

我首先需要解决的不是教帕特如何去说话,最紧迫的是,我要帮他克制自己,避免争吵。

如今,欧·海瑞已经是纽约怀特汽车公司的销售明星。

他是如何做到的呢?让我们听听他自己是怎么说的:“如果我现在向某个客户推销,而他说:‘什么?怀特汽车?怀特汽车一点儿也不好。就算你白给我一辆,我也不会要的。我想买一辆某某牌汽车。’我就会说:‘某某牌的汽车确实是好汽车,如果你选择了那个牌子,肯定是不会错的。胡佛汽车是由知名厂家生产的,他们的销售人员也很出色。’”

“这样,他就没什么可说的了。根本没有争吵的空间。如果他说那个是最好的品牌,我随即表示认可,他就无言以对了。当我认同时,他不可能整个下午都谈论胡佛汽车的优点。当我们绕开话题时,我就会开始谈论怀特汽车的好处。”

“要是在以前,只要他刚一说出刚才那样的话,我就会变得暴跳如雷,一味地挑剔胡佛汽车的缺点。我越是争吵,就会越有利于胡佛汽车;而客户呢,他越是争吵,就越容易买我竞争对手的车。”

“现在回首往事,我怀疑自己卖不了任何东西。我把自己的生命浪费在争吵之中。我现在学会了闭住嘴巴,并且从中受益匪浅。”

就像聪明的富兰克林所言:“假如你喜欢喋喋不休,争强好胜,那么你也许偶尔会赢。可是这种胜利没有什么实际意义,因为你永远获得不了对方的好感。”

所以,好好地反省一下自己。理论上虚假的胜利和一个人发自内心的好感,你会选择哪一种呢?你不可能同时拥有。

因为一笔9000美元的重要账目,个人所得税顾问弗雷德里克·佩森与一名政府税务稽查员争论了将近一个小时。佩森声称,这9000美元是呆账,根本不可能收上来,所以不应该征收所得税。而那位顽固的稽查员说:“不可能,一定要征收。”

佩森在课堂上对学生们讲述道:“那位稽查员是一个骄傲、自大、顽固的人。解释根本没有作用。事实上,我们越是争吵,他就越顽固。所以,我就不再与他争吵,试着转变话题,表示理解他的工作。”

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